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.blcmd , ,style plain ,lmar 6 ,rmar 6 ,fspace 6 ,center D P S ,sp 1 Document Processing System ,sp 3 A Shareware Program ,sp 4 Phillip H. Sherrod ,sp 1 and ,sp 1 Daniel J. Cappannari ,endcenter ,sp 6 ,squeeze 5 DPS reads a document source file which includes style, spacing, and formatting commands, and generates a formatted ASCII output file suitable for printing on any type of computer printer. DPS is well suited for preparing documentation for programs or other technical projects. DPS provides table of contents and index generation and cross references by section and page numbers. DPS also provides automatic section numbering and a variety of list types. ,squeeze 0 ,page ,style standard ,slmlop 1 10 ,findent 5 ,toc ,chapter Introduction DPS (Document Processing System) is a program which formats text files for printing on any type of printer. DPS can be used to format letters, articles, books, and documentation. It is particularly well suited for preparing documentation for programs and other technical projects because it has cross reference facilities that automatically fill in section and page numbers for referenced items, and it has built in facilities for producing an index. This document was prepared using DPS; the source file is provided for your examination in a file named DPS.DPS. By design, DPS does not utilize any printer control functions other than carriage-return, line-feed, and form-feed. This allows the output of DPS to be printed on a wide variety of printers ranging from inexpensive dot matrix devices through fancy laser printers. DPS is similar to word processing programs in that it helps you to produce a formatted document. However, DPS is different from programs like WordPerfect and Microsoft Word in the way that you specify formatting commands. With the typical word processing program you use function keys to specify formatting actions and with most of these programs you see the result on the screen immediately. With DPS you use an editor such as DOS EDIT or EDLIN to create a "source" document file that contains both the text of the document and embedded DPS commands that describe what formatting is to be done for each part of the document. You then use DPS to process this source file and produce a formatted output file. ,hl1 Installing DPS The installation of DPS is very simple. Create a directory for the DPS files and use PKUNZIP to unpack the compressed file or copy in all of the files from your distribution disk. You should add the DPS directory to your PATH command so that DOS can find the DPS.EXE file if some other directory is your current directory. The DPS distribution includes the following files: ,figure DPS.EXE -- Executable program. DPS.DOC -- Documentation file. DPS.DPS -- Source file for DPS.DOC to use as an example. REGISTER.DOC -- Software registration form. VENDOR.DOC -- Information for shareware vendors. README.DOC -- Introduction file. FILE_ID.DIZ -- Information for bulletin boards. ,endfigure ,hl1 Using DPS ,X Input File ,X File;Input The first step in using DPS is to create a "source" document file containing your text and DPS commands. It is best to give this file the extension ".DPS". The source file should be in "flat ASCII format", meaning that it simply consists of ASCII characters with carriage-return, line-feed sequences separating the records. This is the type of file produced by various text editors such as the EDIT and EDLIN programs available with DOS. You may use a word processor such as WordPerfect to produce the file, but you should be sure that the output is in "DOS text" format with no extra data inserted for the benefit of the word processor. Once you have created a source file you can use DPS to format it. The form of the DPS command is: ,figure DPS source_file [output_file] ,endfigure Where "source_file" is the name of your source document file and "output_file" is the name of the file to which the formatted output is to be written. The default extension for the source file is ".DPS". The default extension for the output file is ".DOC". If no output file is specified DPS creates an output file with the same name as the source file but with the extension ".DOC". For example, the following command would read a source file named MATHPLOT.DPS and produce a formatted document file named MATHPLOT.DOC: ,figure DPS MATHPLOT ,endfigure The following command would read a source file named NONLIN.DPS and produce a formatted output file named REGRESS.LST: ,figure DPS NONLIN REGRESS.LST ,endfigure ,x INCLUDE command You can also use the .INCLUDE command within a DPS source file to cause another file to be inserted as the file is processed. This is useful for large documents that can be maintained as separate sections but combined into a single formatted listing. ,chapter DPS Operation ,x Command syntax ,x Between line commands In addition to your text, the input file may contain two types of DPS commands: "between line" and "within line". The between line type of commands are the most common. These commands begin with a period as the first character of the line and are terminated by the end of the line. For example, ,figure .CHAPTER Introduction ,endfigure marks the beginning of a new chapter named "Introduction". If you have text lines that begin with a period, or you would just prefer some introducer character other than period, you can use the .BLCMD command to specify another introducer character. The form of this command is: ,x BLCMD command ,figure .BLCMD character ,endfigure where 'character' is the character to be used as the command introducer. For example, the following command causes comma to be set as the introducer character: ,figure .BLCMD , ,endfigure After this command you would type comma as the first character of each between line command. ,x Within line commands Within line commands can occur in the middle of a line of text. These commands are denoted with an introducer character which is normally backslash (\\). An example of a within line command is "\\PAGEREF{name}" which might be used in a line of text such as follows: ,figure For a description of the process, see page \pageref{mrdesc}. ,endfigure This command tells DPS to insert the page number for a section labeled "mrdesc". If you need to use the '\\' character within the text of your document specify two '\\' characters in a row. For example, you would type the string "C:\\\\DPS\\\\DPS.EXE" to produce the string "C:\\DPS\\DPS.EXE". To change the within line introducter character from backslash to something else, use the .WLCMD command whose syntax is ,x WLCMD command ,figure .WLCMD character ,endfigure DPS commands are case insensitive so you can use either upper or lower case letters. Chapter \ref{cmdref}, starting on page \pageref{cmdref}, provides a complete reference for the DPS commands. The remainder of this chapter discusses the commands from an operational point of view. ,hl1 Text, Figures, and Verbatim ,X Mode;text ,X Text mode The bulk of your source document will consist of the text that DPS is to format. During its normal operation, DPS reads this text, combines words into lines and paragraphs, and outputs pages with headers and numbers if requested. While it is performing this formatting DPS is said to be in "text mode". Two additional modes are used to temporarily disable formatting of input text. These are "figure mode" and "verbatim mode". ,X Figure mode ,X Mode;figure ,X FIGURE command ,x CENTER command;centering figures A figure is a series of records in the input document which should not be formatted, and which should be kept together (not split across pages). While in figure mode DPS does not rearrange words on lines. It maintains the same spacing as in the source file but may indent all of the lines a fixed amount which can be controlled by the .FINDENT command (by default, figures are not indented). You can also enclose a figure in .CENTER and .ENDCENTER commands to cause the entire figure to be centered on the page. You cannot use within line commands within figures because all characters are taken "literally". This means it is not necessary to specify "\\\\" to produce a single "\\" within a figure. Use figure mode for figures, diagrams, and so forth. Place a .FIGURE command at the front of a figure and .ENDFIGURE at the end. The following example demonstrates how to use figure mode to produce a centered figure: ,center ,figure .center .figure +-------+ +----------+ +--------+ | TRAIN |-->| Conveyor |-->| Sorter | +-------+ +----------+ +--------+ | | V V +---------+ +---------+ | Cracker | | Grinder | +---------+ +---------+ | | V V +---------+ +---------+ | Packer | | Packer | +---------+ +---------+ | | V V +----------+ +-----------+ |Whole nuts| |Ground nuts| +----------+ +-----------+ .endfigure .endcenter ,endfigure ,endcenter ,X Verbatim mode ,X Mode;verbatim ,X VERBATIM command Verbatim mode is very similar to figure mode. Like figure mode, verbatim mode preserves the source format of each line and does not move words from one line to another or adjust spacing. However, verbatim mode does not guarantee that all of the lines in the group will fit on a single page. Use the .VERBATIM command to begin verbatim mode and the .ENDVERBATIM command to return to normal text mode. The following example demonstrates the use of verbatim text: ,need 15 ,verbatim .verbatim /*----------------------------------------------------------- * Function * Convert a year/month/day date into the corrsponding * day of the week. */ int dtu_weekday(int year,int month,int date) { /* * Declarations */ int j10,j14,value,w0to7; /* * Code */ j10 = month + 10; j14 = year + (month-14)/12; value = (13*(j10-j10/13*12)-1)/5+date+77 +5*(j14-j14/100*100)/4 +j14/400-j14/100*2; w0to7 = value%7; return w0to7+1; } .endverbatim ,endverbatim ,hl1 Page Dimensions ,x Page Layout To properly format output text, DPS must know certain things about the capabilities of your printer. These are the maximum number of lines which can be printed on the page, the maximum width of each line, and the margins to leave on the left and right edges of the paper. The default page length is 58 lines, the default page width is 80 characters, and the default left and right margins are 6 characters. You can use the following commands to change these values: ,x LENGTH command ,X WIDTH command ,X LMARGIN command ,X RMARGIN command ,figure .LENGTH value -- Specify number of lines per page. .WIDTH value -- Specify number of characters per line. .LMARGIN value -- Specify left margin spaces. .RMARGIN value -- Specify right margin spaces. ,endfigure If you want to adjust these parameters it is best to place these commands at the front of your source document file before any text. ,hl1 Chapters and Sections ,label sections ,x Chapters ,x Sections A simple document such as a letter does not need to be divided into sections. An article may be divided into a number of sections such as the introduction, main body, and conclusions. Longer documents, such as this one, are divided into chapters and sections. DPS allows you to divide a document in a heirarchical manner, with chapters, main sections, sub-sections, sub-sub-sections, sub-sub-sub-sections, and so forth. This allows you to organize your material using as much detail as it requires. Up to nine levels of sections can be used. DPS automatically numbers the chapters and sections and uses this information in the table of contents. ,x CHAPTER command Chapters, when used, are introduced with the .CHAPTER command, as with: ,figure .CHAPTER Technical Specification ,endfigure See Section \ref{foreign} for information about specifying a different word than "Chapter" for non-English documents. ,X HLn command Sections are introduced with .HLn commands, where "n" denotes the depth of the section level. .HL1 introduces the highest level section (within a chapter), HL2 introduces a sub-section, HL3 a sub-sub-section, etc. Take the following example: ,figure .CHAPTER Technical Specification .HL1 Scope of this document This document describes the use of the butterfly clamp. .HL1 Intended audience .HL2 Doctors Doctors need to know whether it works. .HL2 Nurses Nurses need to know how to use it. ,endfigure The output would appear as follows: ,need 30 ,center Chapter 1 Technical Specification ,endcenter 1.1 Scope of this document This document describes the use of the butterfly clamp. 1.2 Intended audience 1.2.1 Doctors Doctors need to know whether it works. 1.2.2 Nurses Nurses need to know how to use it. If you are producing a document that does not have chapters but which does have sections, you can use .HL0 to produce the highest level section numbers (which would ordinarily correspond to chapter numbers), and .HL1, .HL2, etc. for subsections. Each .CHAPTER or .HL directive in the file produces an entry in the table of contents. DPS always begins chapters on a new page. If the .DSIDE (double side printing) command is in effect, blank pages are inserted if necessary to force chapters to begin on odd pages (which are printed on the right side). The .NLAHL command is used to set the number of blank lines to be left above a section header. The .SLMLOP command sets the number of lines that must remain on a page for DPS to begin a new section on the current page. ,hl1 Styles ,label styles ,x Styles People have individual tastes and needs for the style of formatted text. Furthermore, a single document may need some text formatted in one style and other text in a different style. To deal with this situation DPS comes preloaded with a number of different styles and allows you to create additional styles as needed. This section describes styles, documents the preloaded styles, and shows you how to create and use custom styles. DPS comes preloaded with styles named STANDARD, PLAIN, REPORT, and LETTER. The STANDARD style is the default that is used unless you select a different style using the .STYLE command. A new style can be selected or created at any point in the document by using the .STYLE command, as shown in the following examples: ,figure .STYLE STANDARD This text will be formatted according to the standard style. .STYLE CUSTOM This text is formatted according to the style CUSTOM. ,endfigure If the style you list in a .STYLE command does not exist it will be created for you. New styles start out being the same as style STANDARD. The current style can be customized at any point by the style commands listed in Section \ref{stylecmds} beginning on page \pageref{stylecmds}. Since style commands always modify the current style, you can use them to modify built in styles or to create a new style. For example, simply stating ,x JUSTIFY command ,x LMEXTRA command ,figure .NOJUSTIFY .LMEXTRA 5 ,endfigure at the top of your document modifies the standard style, deactivating text justification and specifying that all lines of a paragraph except the first should be indented 5 spaces. Alternatively you could specify ,figure .STYLE DESCRIPTION .NOJUSTIFY .LMEXTRA 5 ,endfigure to create a new style called DESCRIPTION with these modifications. The new style would remain in effect until DPS encounters another style command such as ,figure .STYLE STANDARD ,endfigure to return to the standard style. You can switch between styles as often as you like. If you modify attributes for a style the modifications remain in effect when you switch back to the style. ,figure The following table documents parameters for the four built-in styles. Parameter STANDARD REPORT LETTER PLAIN ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- BLBP 1 1 1 1 MLOP 2 2 2 2 LMFIRST 0 0 0 0 LMEXTRA 0 0 0 0 NLAH 0 0 0 0 NLBH 2 2 2 2 NLAF 2 2 2 2 H1TEXT 0 0 0 0 HXTEXT 2 0 0 0 H1PN 0 0 0 0 HXPN 1 0 0 0 F1TEXT 0 0 0 0 FXTEXT 0 0 0 0 F1PN 2 2 0 0 FXPN 0 2 0 0 FINDENT 0 0 0 0 CHAPHEAD 1 0 0 0 JUSTIFY 1 1 0 1 NLAHL 5,2,1,1,1, 5,2,1,1,1, 5,2,1,1,1, 5,2,1,1,1, 1,1,1,1 1,1,1,1 1,1,1,1 1,1,1,1 INDENT 0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,0 0,0,0,0 0,0,0,0 0,0,0,0 LIST_IN1 4,8,12,16, 4,8,12,16, 4,8,12,16, 4,8,12,16, 20,24,28,32 20,24,28,32 20,24,28,32 20,24,28,32 LIST_INX 4,8,12,16, 4,8,12,16, 4,8,12,16, 4,8,12,16, 20,24,28,32 20,24,28,32 20,24,28,32 20,24,28,32 LIST_BULCHR period period period period LIST_BULPOS 2,6,10,14, 2,6,10,14, 2,6,10,14, 2,6,10,14, 18,22,26,30 18,22,26,30 18,22,26,30 18,22,26,30 SLMLOP 5,5,5,5,5 5,5,5,5,5 5,5,5,5,5 5,5,5,5,5 5,5,5,5 5,5,5,5 5,5,5,5 5,5,5,5 ,endfigure Some style parameters are defined as lists of values instead of a single value. Some, such as .NLAHL (Number of Lines Above Header at each Level) define a separate value for every chapter or section level. Others, such as .LIST_IN1 (LIST INdentation for the first line of a list at each list nesting level) define a separate value for each depth to which lists can be nested. To modify these parameters you must first specify the name of the parameter, then the section or nesting level which you are modifying, then finally the value you wish to specify. ,x NLAHL command Take .NLAHL as an example. This parameter specifies the number of blank lines to leave above the header line for a specific section level. The level 1 value specifies what is used for .HL1, level 2 for .HL2, and so forth. Hence the style modification command ,figure .NLAHL 1 4 ,endfigure means that you want 4 lines above the heading generated by a .HL1 command. ,x Headers ,x Footer ,x H1TEXT command ,x HXTEXT command ,x H1PN command ,x HXPN command ,x F1TEXT command ,x FXTEXT command ,x F1PN command ,x FXPN command ,x NLAH command ,x NLAF command ,x NLBH command For the STANDARD style DPS places a page number at the bottom center of the first page of a chapter and places a page heading with a page number at the margin of subsequent pages of the chapter. The .H1TEXT and .HXTEXT style parameters determine the type of header printed. The .H1PN and .HXPN parameters determine the type of page number for the heading. The .F1TEXT and .FXTEXT parameters control the footer style and the .F1PN and .FXPN parameters control the style of page number in the footer. The .NLAH, .NLAF and .NLBH parameters control the spacing above and below the header and footer. The following numeric codes are used to define header and footer styles: Headers are printed at the top of each page; footers are printed at the bottom. ,label exlist ,x Headers;style of ,x Footers;style of ,description ,item 0 -- No text at all in the header or footer. ,item 1 -- Standard style, showing current chapter and section. The contents of the header or footer will vary depending on whether single or double page mode is being used. In single page mode (the default), the current chapter name is always left justified in the header or footer. In double page mode, the chapter name goes on the right end of the even pages and the section name goes on the left end of the odd pages. Double sided mode is described in Section \ref{dside}. ,item 2 -- Restrict text to name of the current chapter, omitting the section name. In single sided mode this places the chapter name on the left end. In double sided mode the chapter name is on the right end of even pages and the left end of odd pages. ,endlist The following numeric codes are used to define page numbering styles: ,x Page number;style codes ,description ,item 0 -- No page number at all. ,item 1 -- Decimal value at end of line. For single side mode this is always the left end. For double sided mode it alternates sides. ,item 2 -- Decimal value in the center of the line. ,item 3 -- Roman numeric at end of line. For single side mode this is always the left end. For double sided mode it alternates sides. ,item 4 -- Roman numeral in the center of the line. ,endlist ,hl1 Centering Text ,x Centering text ,x SCENTER command Often you will want to center a single line of text in the midst of normally formatted text. The .SCENTER command is used for this. DPS will center the line which follows it, then return to normal processing of input. For example, the input text file: ,figure He wandered on through the forest, checking his compass regularly to be sure that he was still heading toward the general's house. About an hour after he stopped to eat his sack lunch, he encountered a tree into which a message had been carved: .SCENTER "The great man retains the childs mind" He wondered, as he neared the house of the fierce military leader, if the general had ever been exposed to Taoist principles. ,endfigure produces the output text: ,need 12 ,squeeze 5 He wandered on through the forest, checking his compass regularly to be sure that he was still heading toward the general's house. About an hour after he stopped to eat his sack lunch, he encountered a tree into which a message had been carved: ,scenter "The great man retains the childs mind" He wondered, as he neared the house of the fierce military leader, if the general had ever been exposed to Taoist principles. ,squeeze 0 ,X CENTER command ,X ENDCENTER command Sections of centered text can be begun with a .CENTER command and finished with a .ENDCENTER command. Note that DPS does not fill paragraphs while in center mode. Each line of the source file is taken as a single line figure which is centered. Hence the input file: ,figure .CENTER He wandered on through the forest, checking his compass regularly to be sure that he was still heading toward the general's house. About an hour after he stopped to eat his sack lunch, he encountered a tree into which a message had been carved: "The great man retains the childs mind" He wondered, as he neared the house of the fierce military leader, if the general had ever been exposed to Taoist principles. .ENDCENTER ,endfigure produces the following output file: ,need 10 ,center He wandered on through the forest, checking his compass regularly to be sure that he was still heading toward the general's house. About an hour after he stopped to eat his sack lunch, he encountered a tree into which a message had been carved: "The great man retains the childs mind" He wondered, as he neared the house of the fierce military leader, if the general had ever been exposed to Taoist principles. ,endcenter ,hl1 Indentation ,x Page Layout ,x Margins The margins imposed by the printer's ability to print on a piece of paper has already been discussed. This is covered by the .WIDTH, .LMARGIN, and .RMARGIN commands. All text, including formatted text and figures, is placed within these boundaries. The default width is 80 characters. The default margins are 6 characters each. Thus the default area in which text can be printed is 68 columns. The length of the paper can be specified using the .LENGTH command whose default value is 58 lines. ,X LMFIRST command ,x LMEXTRA command ,x LIST_IN1 command ,x LIST_INX command Formatted text has left margins imposed by the style. The .LMFIRST and .LMEXTRA commands specify the left margin for the first and each subsequent line of a paragraph. Lists, which are described in chapter \ref{lists}, are given separate margins by the style commands .LIST_IN1 and .LIST_INX. ,x HANG command The .HANG command can be used to create paragraphs with hanging indentation. When a non-zero value is specified for the hanging indentation DPS indents all lines of subsequents paragraphs by this amount but leaves the first line of each paragraph unindented so it is flush with the left margin. For example, the command ,figure .HANG 5 ,endfigure causes all lines other than the first line of each subsequent paragraph to be indented 5 spaces. Specify "HANG 0" to turn off hanging indentation. See also the .DESCRIPTION command on page \pageref{description} for a similar facility for formatting lists with hanging indentation. ,x SQUEEZE command A command which is similar to .HANG is .SQUEEZE. This causes formatted text to be "squeezed" by the specified number of columns. In other words, the command ,figure .SQUEEZE 5 ,endfigure adds 5 to the left margin and subtracts 5 from the right margin. This is useful for quotations and other material that should be indented on both sides. Put the command ".SQUEEZE 0" at the end of the material to terminate the squeeze condition. ,hl1 Double Sided Printing ,label dside ,x Double sided printing ,x DSIDED command ,x DOUBLESIDED command DPS has the ability to print double sided text. This format is used when producing output which is to be bound. Double sided mode has the following effects on the formatted document: ,list ,item The left and right margin values (.LMARGIN and .RMARGIN) are reversed for even pages which normally appear on the left side of a bound document. This means that the left margin value is always used on the side of the page nearest to the binding. For a bound document you may want to use a larger value for the left margin to allow room for the space used by the binding. ,item Blank pages are inserted as necessary to force chapters to start on odd numbered pages. ,item The standard heading is changed so that the the chapter name goes on the right end of the even pages and the section name goes on the left end of the odd pages. ,endlist Double sided printing mode is specified with either of these commands: ,figure .DSIDED .DOUBLESIDED ,endfigure If you wish to use double sided mode you should put one of these commands at the front of your source document. ,hl1 Lists ,label lists ,X Lists ,X LIST command ,x ENDLIST command ,x LE command ,x ITEM command ,x DESCRIPTION command ,x ENDDESCRIPTION command Lists are a special paragraph style used when describing a set of things. Lists can contain sublists, and so forth, nested up to 9 levels deep. The current style determines the indentation of the first and subsequent line of each list item, and also provides for a "bullet" character at a given position to visually mark the start of the next item. There are three types of lists in DPS: regular lists, numbered lists, and description lists. When you nest lists you can intermix these types but each list, regardless of its type, counts against the nesting limit of 9. ,X Lists;Regular A regular list begins with the .LIST command and ends with the .ENDLIST command. Each new element of the list is denoted with a line that starts out with a .ITEM (or .LE) command, followed by the text of the item. The text may be continued to subsequent lines if it does not fit on a single line. (The .LE command is equivalent to .ITEM). DPS performs formatting and justification of the text of each list item. The following is an example of a list: ,figure .LIST .ITEM Shareware programs are an excellent value because you can try a program to see if it suitable for your needs before you buy it. .ITEM Many shareware programs work as well as expensive commercial products but cost much less to register. .ITEM Shareware is very convenient because you can find programs of interest on many bulletin boards and download them without leaving your home. .ENDLIST ,endfigure This produces the following output: ,need 6 ,LIST ,item Shareware programs are an excellent value because you can try a program to see if it suitable for your needs before you buy it. ,item Many shareware programs work as well as expensive commercial products but cost much less to register. ,item Shareware is very convenient because you can find programs of interest on many bulletin boards and download them without leaving your home. ,ENDLIST ,x LIST_BULCHR command ,x LIST_INX command ,x LIST_BULPOS command ,x LIST_IN1 command ,x Bullet character ,x Bullet position Each element of a regular list begins with a line containing the "bullet" character. The default bullet character is a period but you can use the .LIST_BULCHR command to set any desired character as the bullet for any level of list nesting. Style elements .LIST_IN1, .LIST_INX, and .LIST_BULPOS control the indentation of the first line, indentation of subsequent lines, and bullet position at each list nesting level. ,X Lists;Numbered ,x NLIST_NUMPOS command ,x NLIST command ,x LIST_IN1 command ,x LIST_INX command ,X Numbered lists Numbered lists are like regular lists except that the elements are numbered instead of being marked with bullet characters. The same style parameters, .LIST_IN1 and .LIST_INX control the indentation for NLISTS but a separate style attribute, .NLIST_NUMPOS, controls the column used for formatted the numbers. Numbered lists are begun with the .NLIST command and ended with .ENDLIST. Each element in the list is introduced with a .ITEM command. The following is an example of a numeric list specification: ,figure .NLIST .ITEM Insert the disk in either drive A or B. .ITEM Type "MD \DPS" .ITEM Type "CD \DPS" .ITEM TYPE "COPY *.*" .ENDLIST ,endfigure ,label description ,X Lists;Description ,x DESC_IN1 command ,x DESC_INX command ,x DESCRIPTION command Description lists are used when you want the indentation, not a bullet or number, to mark the beginning of the list element. With a description list the first line of each item is not indented but subsequent lines are. This causes the first line of each item stand out. Description lists are begun with the .DESCRIPTION command and ended with .ENDLIST. The indentation for the first line of a description list element is controlled by the style attribute .DESC_IN1, which is specified for each nesting level. Indentation of subsequent lines is controlled by .DESC_INX. List items may have multiple paragraphs. Only the first line of each item is marked or numbered. The following is an example of a description list definiton: ,figure .DESCRIPTION .ITEM TSX-32 -- Multi-user operating system that is very powerful and runs on 386 and 486 computers. Some TSX sites support over 150 terminals on a single computer. .ITEM Mathplot -- Mathematical function plotting program. Excellent program for visualizing mathematical functions. Enter a function using normal algebraic notation and it is immediately graphed. .ITEM Nonlin -- Linear and nonlinear statistical regression analysis and curve fitting. Nonlin determines the values of parameters for a function that cause the function to best fit a set of data values. .ENDLIST ,endfigure The output produced by these commands is shown below: ,description ,item TSX-32 -- Multi-user operating system that is very powerful and runs on 386 and 486 computers. Some TSX sites support over 150 terminals on a single computer. ,item Mathplot -- Mathematical function plotting program. Excellent program for visualizing mathematical functions. Enter a function using normal algebraic notation and it is immediately graphed. ,item Nonlin -- Linear and nonlinear statistical regression analysis and curve fitting. Nonlin determines the values of parameters for a function that cause the function to best fit a set of data values. ,ENDLIST ,hl1 Blank Lines and Page Ejects ,X Page Layout ,x Blank lines ,x Ejecting pages DPS advances to the next page of the document when the current page is filled up. However, there are various circumstances when DPS checks to see if it should go ahead and start a new page before the current one is completely full. ,X SLMLOP command ,x Sections;minimum lines remaining DPS will always start a new page at the beginning of a new chapter. The beginning of each section within the chapter forces DPS to consider whether enough space on the page remains to begin it. This prevents a section header appearing by itself at the bottom of the page, or with very few lines of text. Styles control the minimum number of lines on a page for each nested section level, using the .SLMLOP command. ,x MLOP command ,x BLBP command In addition to checking for a minimum number of available lines before starting a section, DPS also checks for a minimum number of lines before starting a new paragraph. The default number of lines that must be available for starting a new paragraph is 2, but you can change this value by use of the .MLOP command. The .BLBP style parameter controls the number of blank lines between paragraphs. The default value is 1. Since figures must all fit on a page, DPS may also prematurely eject the page to fit the figure on the next page. ,x NEED command You can force DPS to be sure that a certain number of lines appear on a page if you don't want certain text to be broken across pages by using the .NEED command. For example, ,figure .NEED 12 ,endfigure asks DPS to be sure that at least 12 lines remain on the current output page. If fewer than 12 lines remain, a new page is started. ,x PAGE command A more forcible command is .PAGE, which tells DPS to begin a new page if there is any text at all on the current one. ,X SPACE command To finish the subject of blank lines and page ejection we have the commands .SPACE and .FSPACE. First consider the command: ,figure .SPACE 5 ,endfigure In normal text mode, this command tells DPS to finish the current paragraph and check to see how close to the end of the page it is. The next paragraph will begin 5 lines down on the current page if there is enough room. If there is not, it will begin at the top of the next page. ,x FSPACE command A related command is .FSPACE. The command ,figure .FSPACE 5 ,endfigure means that you want 5 blank lines to preceed the next paragraph, even if the space must be placed at the top of the next page. This could be used to leave space for a figure or clip art. Note that when in figure or centered mode, .SPACE acts like .FSPACE. ,hl1 Page and Section References ,label xref ,x REF command ,x PAGEREF command ,X LABEL command ,X Labels ,X Cross references It is often necessary, especially in technical documentation, to refer the reader to other sections of the document for further information on a particular subject. We have done this in this manual when we say things like "Lists are described in Section \ref{lists} on page \pageref{lists}". The author did not count sections and determine that Section \ref{lists} documents lists. This would make a document tedious to maintain because insertion of new material would change all the numbers. Instead, the text used the \\REF within line command: ,figure Lists are described in Section \ref{lists}. ,endfigure When DPS encounters a \\REF{name} command it looks up the label name enclosed in braces and determines the chapter and section where the label was defined. It then replaces the \\REF command with the corresponding chapter or section number. A similar command is \\PAGEREF. This command causes the page number where a label was defined to be inserted in the text. For example, the text ,figure See page \pageref{lists} for more information about lists. ,endfigure produces the output: See page \pageref{lists} for more information about lists. ,x LABEL command In order for DPS to be able to locate the page, chapter, or section to which you are referring, both \\REF and \\PAGEREF commands take a string argument, enclosed in braces. This descriptive name must have a corresponding .LABEL command located near the text to which you are referring. .LABEL commands for chapters and sections should usually immediately follow the .CHAPTER or .HLn commands that start the chapter or section. However, you can place .LABEL commands deep within sections when you want to define a label to be used as a page reference. The following is an example .LABEL command that defines a label named 'intro': .figure .LABEL INTRO .endfigure DPS is a multi-pass processor so you can use \\ref and \\pageref commands to refer to labels that are defined after the reference point. ,hl1 Table of Contents ,x Table of contents ,x TOC command DPS will automatically produce a table of contents for your document showing chapter and section numbers and pages. This information is determined by DPS from the .CHAPTER and .HLn commands. To allow you to have heading pages in front of the table of contents, you must insert a .TOC command in your source file at the point where you want the table of contents generated. If you do not use a .TOC command no table of contents will be generated. See Section \ref{foreign} for information about specifying a different phrase than "Table of Contents" for non-English documents. ,hl1 Index Entries ,x Index ,X X command An index is a valuable part of any large document. If you write technical manuals, try to bear in mind that your readers will not always read your document from cover to cover, or even an entire chapter, when they are searching for a particular fact. Having an index that can be used to rapidly locate topics greatly enhances the value of a manual. Index entries are generated by the .X command. You should place the .X command on a line immediately preceeding the text you are referring to, as shown in the following example: ,figure .X Record length The maximum record length is 256 characters, but records are normally... ,endfigure Index entries can have both a main topic and a subtopic. To do this separate the main topic entry from the subtopic by a semicolon as shown by the following example: ,figure .X File;Input .X File;Output .X File;Opening ,endfigure See Section \ref{foreign} for information about specifying a different word than "Index" for non-English documents. ,hl1 Including External Files ,x INCLUDE command The .INCLUDE command causes a file to be inserted in the document at the point where the .INCLUDE command occurs. The form of the .INCLUDE command is ,figure .INCLUDE filename ,endfigure where 'filename' is the name of the file to be inserted. If no extension is specified with the file name, ".DPS" is used by default. For example, the following command causes a file named "STDTERMS.DPS" to be inserted in the document: ,figure .INCLUDE STDTERMS ,endfigure The .INCLUDE command is especially useful for large documents which can be maintained as separate section files and then combined when the document is formatted. You can also use this command to insert standard "boiler plate" material or style definitions. Include files may contain other .INCLUDE commands (i.e., they may be nested). ,hl1 Foreign Language Support ,label foreign ,x Foreign language support ,x WORDCHAPTER command ,x WORDTOC command ,x WORDINDEX command ,x Chapter keyword Although DPS was written by programmers who speak English, it is suitable for formatting documents written in other languages. DPS accepts and processes extended (8 bit) ASCII characters making it possible to write documents with accented characters or characters that are not part of the standard Roman ASCII character set. In addition, three commands are provided to allow you to specify the words or phrases that DPS is to print for the following labels: (1) "Chapter"; (2) "Table of Contents"; and (3) "Index". These commands are ,figure .WORDCHAPTER string -- String for "Chapter" word. .WORDTOC string -- String for "Table of Contents". .WORDINDEX string -- String for "Index" word. ,endfigure ,chapter Command Reference ,label cmdref This chapter contains an alphabetical list of the DPS commands divided into three sections: between line, within line, and style modification. ,hl1 Between Line Commands ,x Between line commands ,description ,x BLCMD command ,item .BLCMD character -- Specifies a new introducer character for between line commands. The default character is period. ,x CENTER command ,item .CENTER -- Causes each line of text between this command and the corresponding .ENDCENTER command to be centered on the page. The contents of each line is preserved (i.e., words are not moved between lines). ,x CHAPTER command ,item .CHAPTER title -- Begins a new chapter. The title string is printed as the chapter heading and used in the table of contents. DPS starts each chapter on a new page. If double sided printing is in effect (see the .DSIDE command) then a blank page is ejected if needed to start the chapter on an odd page number. ,x DESCRIPTION command ,item .DESCRIPTION -- Begins a description type list. The first line of each item in the list is not indented but other lines are indented. The list is terminated by a .ENDLIST command. ,x DSIDE command ,x Double sided printing ,item .DSIDE -- Specifies that the document will be printed on both sides of the paper. If this is wanted the .DSIDE command should appear at the front of the document. Double sided mode has the following effects: ,list ,item The left and right margin values (.LMARGIN and .RMARGIN) are reversed for even pages which normally appear on the left side of a bound document. This means that the left margin value is always used on the side of the page nearest to the binding. For a bound document you may want to use a larger value for the left margin to allow room for the space used by the binding. ,item Blank pages are inserted as necessary to force chapters to start on odd numbered pages. ,item The standard heading is changed so that the the chapter name goes on the right end of the even pages and the section name goes on the left end of the odd pages. ,endlist ,x ENDCENTER command ,item .ENDCENTER -- Ends centered mode that was started with a .CENTER command. ,x ENDFIGURE command ,item .ENDFIGURE -- Ends figure mode that was started with a .FIGURE command. ,x ENDLIST command ,item .ENDLIST -- Ends list mode that was started with a .LIST, .NLIST, or .DESCRIPTION command. ,x ENDVERBATIM command ,item .ENDVERBATIM -- Ends verbatim mode that was started with a .VERBATIM command. ,x FIGURE command ,item .FIGURE -- Begins figure mode. Use the .ENDFIGURE command to terminate figure mode. No formatting takes place in figure mode and within line commands are not recognized. You may use the .FINDENT command to cause figures to be indented. ,x FSPACE command ,item .FSPACE number -- Forces the specified number of blank lines to be skipped over. ,x HANG command ,item .HANG number -- Specifies that the following paragraphs are to have hanging indentation. The first line of the paragraph is not indented but all other lines are indented the specified number of spaces. ,label hln ,x HLn command ,item .HLn text -- Specify the heading for a section. The 'n' character in .HLn should be replaced with a digit. .HL1 specifies the heading for the highest section level (below a chapter), .HL2 specifies the heading for a sub-section, .HL3 for a sub-sub-section, etc. The text string specified following .HLn is used as the heading for the section and also appears in the table of contents. ,x INCLUDE command ,item .INCLUDE file -- Causes the specified file to be inserted in the document at the location of the .INCLUDE command. This is useful for large documents that can be maintained as separate sections but combined into a single formatted listing. You can also use .INCLUDE to insert common style descriptions that you may want to use in multiple documents. If no extension is specified with the file name, ".DPS" is used by default. Include files may be nested. ,x ITEM command ,item .ITEM text -- Specifies an item of a list. This can be used in the range of .LIST, .NLIST, and .DESCRIPTION. The text that begins on the command line may be continued to subsequent lines. ,x LABEL command ,item .LABEL name -- Defines a label that may be referenced by the \\ref{name} and \\pageref{name} within line commands. ,x LE command ,item .LE text -- Equivalent to .ITEM. Specifies an item of a list. ,x LENGTH command ,item .LENGTH number -- Specifies the number of lines to be printed on each page. ,x LIST command ,item .LIST -- Begins a list whose items are marked by "bullet" characters. The default bullet character is the period but you may use the .LIST_BULCHR command to specify a different bullet character. The list is terminated by a .ENDLIST command. ,x LMARGIN command ,item .LMARGIN number -- Specifies the number of spaces to use for the left margin of the page. The default value is 6. ,x NEED command ,item .NEED number -- Causes DPS to check to see if there are at least as many lines remaining on the page as the specified value. If there are not, the current page is ejected and the text that follows is printed at the top of the next page. ,x NLIST command ,item .NLIST -- Begins a numbered list. Each item in the list is numbered. The list is terminated by a .ENDLIST command. ,x PAGE command ,item .PAGE -- Forces a page eject at the current point. ,x RMARGIN command ,item .RMARGIN number -- Specifies the number of spaces to use for the right margin of the page. The default value is 6. ,x SCENTER command ,item .SCENTER -- Causes the next single line to be centered. Normal text formating mode resumes after the following line. ,x SPACE command ,item .SPACE number -- If at least the specified number of lines remain on the current page they are skipped over and left blank. If fewer than the specified number of lines remain, the current page is ejected and printing resumes at the top of the next page. See also the .FSPACE command. ,x SQUEEZE command ,item .SQUEEZE number -- Causes the following text to be indented the specified number of spaces on both the left and right sides. Specify ".SQUEEZE 0" to cancel squeeze mode. ,x STYLE command ,item .STYLE name -- Selects a specified style for the text that follows. If the name matches a style that has already been defined then that style is resumed and any style parameters that were specified for it continue in effect. If the style name has not been previously used then a new style definition is begun. New styles are initialized to the parameters for the STANDARD style. ,x TOC command ,item .TOC -- Causes the table of contents to be generated at this point in the document. ,x VERBATIM command ,item .VERBATIM -- Begins verbatim mode. In verbatim mode no formatting is done and words are not moved between lines. Verbatim mode is similar to figure mode but the text is not required to fit on a single page. Verbatim mode is terminated by a .ENDVERBATIM command. ,x WIDTH command ,item .WIDTH number -- Specifies the page width. The actual area that the document text is printed in is equal to the page width minus the left and right margins. The default width is 80. ,x WLCMD command ,item .WLCMD character -- Specifies a new introducer character for within line commands. The default character is '\\'. ,x WORDCHAPTER command ,item .WORDCHAPTER string -- Specifies the string to be printed in a chapter heading where the word "Chapter" normally appears. ,x WORDINDEX command ,item .WORDINDEX string -- Specifies the string to be printed in the index heading where the word "Index" normally appears. ,x WORDTOC command ,item .WORDTOC string -- Specifies the string to be printed in the table of contents heading where "Table of Contents" normally appears. ,x X command ,item .X item1[;item2] -- Defines an entry to go in the index. If you want a two level entry specify the primary index phrase followed by a semicolon and the secondary phrase. ,endlist ,need 10 ,hl1 Within Line Commands ,x Within line commands The following commands may appear within the body of your text. They are not recognized in figure or verbatim mode. You can use the .WLCMD command to change the introducer character. ,description ,x PAGEREF command ,item \\PAGEREF{name} -- When this command is encountered in your document it is replaced by the page number where the specified label name was defined. The "name" must be defined somewhere in your document by use of the .LABEL command (see Section \ref{xref} on page \pageref{xref}). ,x REF command ,item \\REF{name} -- When this command is encountered it is replaced by the chapter or section number where the label was defined by use of a .LABEL command. If the label was defined after a .CHAPTER command but before any .HLn command then the number will be an integer that corresponds to the chapter number. If the label was defined after a .HLn command then a section number of the form 'n.m.i' will be inserted. ,endlist ,need 12 ,hl1 Style Parameter Commands ,label stylecmds The following commands set parameters for the currently selected style. You choose a style by using the .STYLE command. If you change some parameters for a style, select another style, and then reselect the first style, the changed parameters are remembered. See Section \ref{styles} starting on page \pageref{styles} for additional information about styles. ,description ,x BLBP command ,item .BLBP number -- Specifies the number of blank lines that DPS should insert between paragraphs. The default value is 1. ,x CHAPHEAD command ,item .CHAPHEAD number -- Specifies whether a chapter heading is to be printed on the first page of a chapter. A chapter heading consists of some blank lines, a line such as "Chapter nn", and the chapter title line. Specify 1 to enable chapter headings or 0 to disable them. The STANDARD style has chapter headings enabled, the REPORT, LETTER, and PLAIN styles default chapter headings off. ,x DESC_IN1 command ,item .DESC_IN1 level amt -- Amount to indent the text on the first line of each paragraph within a description type list. The 'level' number specifies the list nesting level; 0 corresponds to a list that is not within another list. The 'amt' number specifies the number of spaces to indent. By default, an unnested list (level 0) is indented 0 spaces and each deeper level of nesting is indented an additional 4 spaces. ,x DESC_INX command ,item .DESC_INX level amt -- Amount to indent the text on all lines other than the first line of each paragraph within a description type list. The 'level' number specifies the list nesting level; 0 corresponds to a list that is not within another list. The 'amt' number specifies the number of spaces to indent. By default, an unnested list (level 0) is indented 4 spaces and each deeper level of nesting is indented an additional 4 spaces. ,x F1PN command ,x Footers;page number ,item .F1PN number -- Type of page number to print in the footer line of first page of a chapter. 0 = no number, 1 = decimal page number at right end of line or alternating left/right for double sided, 2 = decimal number in center of line, 3 = decimal number at right end of line, 4 = roman numberal centered in line. The default value is 2 for STANDARD and REPORT styles and 0 for the other styles. ,x F1TEXT command ,x Footers;style of ,item .F1TEXT number -- Type of footer to be printed on the first page of a chapter. Specify 0 for no footer, 1 for the chapter name, or 2 for the section name. The default is 0. ,x FINDENT command ,item .FINDENT number -- Specifies the number of characters that figures are to be indented from the left margin. The default value is 0. ,x FXPN command ,x Footers;page number ,x Page number;in footer ,item .FXPN number -- Type of page number to print in footer lines of pages after the first page of a chapter. 0 = no number, 1 = decimal page number at right end of line or alternating left/right for double sided, 2 = decimal number in center of line, 3 = decimal number at right end of line, 4 = roman numberal centered in line. The default value is 2 for REPORT style and 0 for all other styles. ,x FXTEXT command ,x Footers;style of ,item .FXTEXT number -- Type of footer to be printed on pages after the first page of a chapter. Specify 0 for no footer, 1 for the chapter name, or 2 for the section name. The default is 0. ,x H1PN command ,x Page number;in header ,x Headers;page number ,item .H1PN number -- Type of page number to print in the heading line of the first page of a chapter. 0 = no number, 1 = decimal page number at right end of line or alternating left/right for double sided, 2 = decimal number in center of line, 3 = decimal number at right end of line, 4 = roman numberal centered in line. The default value is 0. ,x H1TEXT command ,x Headers;style of ,item .H1TEXT number -- Type of header to be printed on the first page of a chapter. Specify 0 for no header, 1 for the chapter name, or 2 for the section name. The default is 0. ,x HXPN command ,x Page number;in header ,x Headers;page number ,item .HXPN number -- Type of page number to print in heading line of pages after the first page of a chapter. 0 = no number, 1 = decimal page number at right end of line or alternating left/right for double sided, 2 = decimal number in center of line, 3 = decimal number at right end of line, 4 = roman numberal centered in line. The default value is 1 for STANDARD style and 0 for all other styles. ,x HXTEXT command ,x Headers;style of ,item .HXTEXT number -- Type of header to be printed on pages after the first page of a chapter. Specify 0 for no header, 1 for the chapter name, or 2 for the section name. The default is 2 for STANDARD style and 0 for PLAIN, LETTER, and REPORT styles. ,x INDENT command ,item .INDENT level amt -- Amount to indent text based on the section level. The 'level' number is in the range 1 to 9 and corresponds to a section level as specified by the .HLn command (see Section \ref{sections} on page \pageref{sections}). All text at the specified section level is indented the number of spaces specified by the 'amt' number. The default value for all section levels is 0. ,x JUSTIFY command ,x NOJUSTIFY command ,x Ragged right margin ,x Flush right margin ,item .JUSTIFY number -- Specify if DPS is to add spaces to lines to cause the right margin to be justified (flush). Specify 1 to enable right margin justification; specify 0 for a ragged right margin. The .NOJUSTIFY command is equivalent to ".JUSTIFY 0". The default value is 0 for LETTER style and 1 for all other styles. ,x LIST_BULCHR command ,x Bullet character ,item .LIST_BULCHR level char -- Specify the character that is to be used as the "bullet" marker character for each item of a list. The 'level' number specifies the list nesting level: 0 corresponds to a list that is not within another list. The 'char' item must be a single character. The default bullet character is a period. ,x LIST_BULPOS command ,x Bullet character ,item .LIST_BULPOS level amt -- Number of characters to indent the bullet character for each item of a list. The 'level' number specifies the list nesting level: 0 corresponds to a list that is not within another list. The 'amt' number specifies the number of characters to indent the bullet for the specified level. The default value is 2 for an unnested list and 4 additional characters for each level of nesting. ,x LIST_IN1 command ,item .LIST_IN1 level amt -- Amount to indent the text on the first line of each item within a list. The bullet character, or number in the case of a .NLIST, is indented less so that it hangs out to the left of the text. The 'level' number specifies the list nesting level: 0 corresponds to a list that is not within another list. The 'amt' number specifies the number of spaces to indent. By default, an unnested list (level 0) is indented 4 spaces and each deeper level of nesting is indented an additional 4 spaces. ,x LIST_INX command ,item .LIST_INX level amt -- Amount to indent the text on all lines other than the first line of each item within a list. The 'level' number specifies the list nesting level: 0 corresponds to a list that is not within another list. The 'amt' number specifies the number of spaces to indent. By default, an unnested list (level 0) is indented 4 spaces and each deeper level of nesting is indented an additional 4 spaces. ,x LIST_NUMPOS command ,item .LIST_NUMPOS level amt -- Number of characters to indent the number for each item of a .NLIST (numbered) type list. The 'level' number specifies the list nesting level: 0 corresponds to a list that is not within another list. The 'amt' number specifies the number of characters to indent the number for the specified level. The default value is 0 for an unnested list and 4 additional characters for each level of nesting. ,x LMEXTRA command ,item .LMEXTRA number -- Specify the number of characters to indent all lines of a paragraph after the first line. See also the description of the .HANG command. If both .LMEXTRA and .HANG are specified, their values are added to determine the indentation amount. The default value for .LMEXTRA is 0. ,x LMFIRST command ,item .LMFIRST number -- Specify the number of characters to indent the first line of each paragraph. The default value is 0. ,x MLOP command ,item .MLOP number -- Specify the minimum number of lines that must remain on a page for a new paragraph to be started on the page. If fewer than this many lines remain on the page the page is ejected and the paragraph begins at the top of the next page. This prevents "orphan" lines where you have only the first line of a paragraph at the bottom of a page. The default value is 2. ,x NLAF command ,x Footers;lines above ,item .NLAF number -- Number of blank lines to leave between the last text line on a page and the footer line. The default value is 2. ,x NLAH command ,x Headers;lines above ,item .NLAH number -- Number of blank lines to leave above the header line at the top of each page. The default value is 0. ,x NLAHL command ,x Sections;blank lines between ,item .NLAHL level lines -- Number of blank lines to leave above a section header. These blank lines separate a new section from the previous section. The 'level' number is in the range 0 to 9 and corresponds to the section heading level specified by the .HLn command (see page \pageref{hln}). The special section number 0 can be used to specify the number of blank lines to put before the chapter heading. The 'lines' number is the number of lines to be set for this section level number. The default value is 5 lines for section 0 (chapter header), 2 lines for section 1, and 1 line for all other section levels. ,x NLBH command ,x Headers;lines below ,item .NLBH number -- Number of blank lines to leave between the header line at the top of each page and the first line of text on the page. The default value is 2. ,x SLMLOP command ,x Sections;minimum lines remaining ,item .SLMLOP level amt -- Minimum number of lines that must be available on a page for DPS to start the section on the page. If fewer lines are available DPS ejects the current page and starts the section at the top of the next page. The 'level' number is in the range 1 to 9 and corresponds to a section level as specified by the .HLn command (see Section \ref{sections} on page \pageref{sections}). The 'amt' number is the minimum number of lines that must be available. ,endlist ,chapter Use And Distribution of DPS You are welcome to make copies of this program and pass them on to friends or post this program on bulletin boards or distribute it via disk catalog services provided the entire DPS distribution is included in its original, unmodified form. A distribution fee may be charged for the cost of the diskette, shipping and handling. However, DPS may not be sold, or incorporated in another product that is sold, without the permission of the authors. However, permission is granted to include DPS as part of "shareware collections" that are sold on CD ROM's. Vendors are encouraged to contact the authors to get the most recent version of DPS. ,x Registering DPS As a shareware product, you are granted a no-cost, trial period of 30 days during which you may evaluate DPS. If you find DPS to be useful, educational, and/or entertaining, and continue to use it beyond the 30 day trial period, you are required to compensate the authors by sending the registration form printed at the end of this document (and in REGISTER.DOC) with the appropriate registration fee to help cover the development and support of DPS. In return for registering, you will be authorized to continue using DPS beyond the trial period and you will receive a registered version of DPS which does not display the shareware message and pause. You will also receive a laser-printed, bound manual, and three months of support via telephone, mail, or CompuServe. Your registration fee will be refunded if you encounter a serious bug that cannot be corrected. ,ne 7 You are welcome to contact the authors: ,sp 1 ,center ,x Sherrod, Phillip H. Phillip H. Sherrod 4410 Gerald Place Nashville, TN 37205-3806 USA 615-292-2881 (evenings) CompuServe: 76166,2640 Internet: 76166.2640@compuserve.com ,x Cappannari, Dan Dan Cappannari CCI Computing, Inc. P.O. Box 210963 Nashville TN 37221 ,endcenter ,x Copyright notice Both the DPS program and documentation are copyright (c) 1993 by Phillip H. Sherrod and Daniel J. Cappannari. You are not authorized to modify the program or documentation. ,x ASP This program is produced by a member of the Association of Shareware Professionals (ASP). ASP wants to make sure that the shareware principle works for you. If you are unable to resolve a shareware-related problem with an ASP member by contacting the member directly, ASP may be able to help. The ASP Ombudsman can help you resolve a dispute or problem with an ASP member, but does not provide technical support for members' products. Please write to the ASP Ombudsman at 545 Grover Road, Muskegon, MI 49442 or send a CompuServe message via CompuServe Mail to ASP Ombudsman 7007,3536. ,ne 5 ,hl1 Disclaimer ,x Disclaimer ,x Warranty DPS is provided "as is" without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. This program may contain "bugs". The authors assume no responsibility for the use of DPS and will not be responsible for any damage resulting from its use. ,chapter Other Software If you like DPS, you should check out the following programs. ,hl1 Mathplot -- Mathematical Function Plotting Program ,label mathplot ,x Mathplot Mathplot allows you to specify complicated mathematical functions using ordinary algebraic expressions and immediately plot them. Four types of functions may be specified: cartesian (Y=f(X)); parametric cartesian (Y=f(T) and X=f(T)); polar (Radius=f(Angle)); and parametric polar (Radius=f(T) and Angle=f(T)). Up to four functions may be plotted simultaneously. Scaling is automatic. Options are available to control axis display and labeling as well as grid lines. Hard copy output may be generated as well as screen display. Mathplot is an ideal tool for engineers, scientists, math and science teachers, and anyone else who needs to quickly visualize mathematical functions. ,ne 10 ,hl1 Nonlin -- Linear & Nonlinear Statistical Regression ,label nonlin ,x Nonlin ,x Regression analysis ,x Nonlinear regression ,x Curve fitting Nonlin performs linear and nonlinear statistical regression analysis. What is regression analysis? Regression analysis is a mathematical technique for determining the best values of parameters to fit an equation to a set of data points. For example, you might want to develop an equation of the form ,figure price = p0 + p1*age + p2*miles ,endfigure to predict the price of a used car based on its age and the number of miles driven. With Nonlin you can collect data from car ads and then perform the analysis using the following set of commands: ,figure VARIABLES PRICE,AGE,MILES PARAMETERS P0,P1,P2 FUNCTION PRICE = P0 + P1*AGE + P2*MILES DATA ,endfigure Nonlin will analyze the data and determine the best values of the parameters P0, P1, and P2 to fit the data values. Ordinary linear regression programs can only determine parameter values for linear (straight line) equations. Nonlin, on the other hand, can handle multivariate, linear, polynomial, and general nonlinear equations. For example, using Nonlin you can easily determine the best values for the parameters Offset, Amplitude, and Frequency for an equation of the form: ,figure Y = Offset + Amplitude * sin(Frequency * X) ,endfigure Nonlin uses the same expression evaluator as Mathplot so you can model complicated equations using the full set of operators and library functions available in Mathplot. Nonlin comes with a 48 page manual that explains regression analysis and gives many examples. Nonlin is in use at many universities and research labs around the world. ,ne 15 ,hl1 TSX-32 -- Multi-User Operating System ,label tsx32 ,x TSX-32 ,x Multi-user operating system If you have a need for a multi-user, multi-tasking operating system, you should look into TSX-32. TSX-32 is a full-featured, high performance, multi-user operating system for the 386 and 486 that provides both 32-bit and 16-bit program support. With facilities such as multitasking and multisessions, networking, virtual memory, X-Windows, background batch queues, data caching, file access control, real-time, and dial-in support, TSX-32 provides a solid environment for a wide range of applications. ,x TSX-Lite A two user, shareware version of TSX-32 called TSX-Lite is also available. TSX-32 is not a limited, 16-bit, multi-DOS add-on. Rather, it is a complete 32-bit operating system which makes full use of the hardware's potential, including protected mode execution, virtual memory, and demand paging. TSX-32 sites range from small systems with 2-3 terminals to large installations with more than 100 terminals on a single 486. ,x DPMI support In addition to supporting most popular 16-bit DOS programs, TSX-32 also provides a 32-bit "flat" address space with both Phar Lap and DPMI compatible modes of execution. Since the DOS file structure is standard for TSX-32, you can directly read and write DOS disks. And, you can run DOS part of the time and TSX-32 the rest of the time on the same computer. TSX-32 allows each user to control up to 10 sessions. Programs can also "fork" subtasks for multi-threaded applications. The patented Adaptive Scheduling Algorithm provides consistently good response time under varying conditions. ,x Networking ,x TCP/IP The TSX-32 network option provides industry standard TCP/IP networking through Ethernet and serial lines. Programs can access files on remote machines as easily as on their own machine. The SET HOST command allows a user on one machine to log onto another computer in the network. FTP, Telnet, and NFS are available for interoperability with other systems. System requirements: 386 or 486 system, 4MB memory, 12MB of free disk space (Stacker and DoubleSpace are not supported). TSX-32 is, quite simply, the best and most powerful operating system available for the 386 and 486. For additional information contact: ,x S&H Computer Systems, Inc. ,x CompuServe ,x Internet ,center S&H Computer Systems, Inc. 1027 17th Avenue South Nashville, TN 37212 USA 615-327-3670 (voice) 615-321-5929 (fax) CompuServe: 71333,27 Internet: 71333.27@compuserve.com ,endcenter ,page ,style plain ,chapter Software Order Form ,label regform ,x Order form ,x Registration form ,center =============================================================== Software Order Form =============================================================== ,endcenter ,figure Name ______________________________________________________ Address ___________________________________________________ City _______________________ State _______ Zip ___________ Country ____________________ Telephone ___________________ CompuServe account (optional) _____________________________ DPS version _______________________________________________ Bulletin board where you found DPS ________________________ Comments __________________________________________________ Check the boxes which indicate your order type: ___ I wish to register DPS ($25). ___ I wish to order Mathplot ($20). ___ I wish to order Nonlin ($25) ,endfigure Add $5 to the total amount of the order if the software is being shipped out of the United States. I cannot accept checks from non-US banks. Visa, MasterCard and American Express credit card charges are accepted but a check, money order, or cash is preferred. If you wish to use a credit card specify the billing name, address, card number, and expiration date. In return for registering, you will receive the most recent version of the program, a laser-printed, bound copy of the manual, and three months of telephone or CompuServe support. Your registration fee will be refunded if you find a serious bug that cannot be corrected. Distribution disk choice (check one): ,figure 3.50" HD (1.4 MB) ______ 5.25" HD (1.2 MB) ______ 5.25" DD (360 KB) ______ ,endfigure Send this form with the amount indicated to the author: ,center Phillip H. Sherrod 4410 Gerald Place Nashville, TN 37205-3806 USA 615-292-2881 (evenings) CompuServe: 76166,2640 Internet: 76166.2640@compuserve.com ,endcenter